How far from the Earth is the Moon?

The average distance between the Earth and the Moon is around 384,400 kilometers (238,855 miles). However, this distance is not constant, as the Moon follows an elliptical orbit around the Earth, resulting in periodic variations in this distance.

The Moon’s orbit around the Earth is elliptical, which means that there are points where the Moon is closer to the Earth (perigee) and points where it is further away (apogee).

The closest point to the Earth, called perigee, is at a distance of around 363,300 kilometers.

The furthest point from the Earth, called the apogee, is at a distance of around 405,500 kilometers (251,966 miles).

Due to these variations, the actual distance between the Earth and Moon changes continuously over the course of the lunar month, influencing various phenomena such as the Earth’s tides.

The Moon’s gravity plays a crucial role in creating tides on Earth. High and low tides are the result of the gravitational pull exerted by the Moon on the Earth’s oceans.

The Moon also helps stabilize the Earth’s axis of rotation, contributing to a relatively stable climate over long periods.

Precise knowledge of the distance between the Earth and the Moon has been essential for space missions, notably NASA’s Apollo program. Astronauts covered this distance in around three days.

Scientists use sophisticated techniques to measure this distance, such as the laser reflection technique, which involves sending laser beams towards reflectors placed on the lunar surface by the Apollo missions.

The first attempts to measure the Earth-Moon distance were made by astronomers such as Hipparchus in antiquity. Modern methods have considerably refined these measurements.

The distance between the Earth and Moon continues to be studied to understand the effects of gravity and the interactions between the two celestial bodies. For example, scientists have discovered that the Moon is gradually moving away from the Earth at a rate of around 3.8 centimetres per year.

The distance between the Earth and the Moon is a fundamental fact taught in science courses all over the world. It provides the basis for explaining the concepts of orbit, gravity and astronomy.

To help visualize this distance, it’s common to compare the Earth-Moon distance to terrestrial distances, such as the equivalent of 30 times the Earth’s diameter, or to use reduced-scale models to illustrate the proportions.

The average distance between the Earth and Moon is around 384,400 kilometers, with variations due to the Moon’s elliptical orbit. This distance plays a crucial role in various terrestrial phenomena, such as tides and the stabilization of the Earth’s axis of rotation. It is also essential for space exploration and ongoing scientific studies. Understanding and measuring this distance has evolved over the centuries, thanks to technological advances and space missions, enriching our knowledge of the universe.