What is the capital of Ethiopia?

Addis Ababa, founded in 1886 by Emperor Menelik II and his wife Empress Taytu Betul, is Ethiopia’s capital and largest city. Its name, which means new flower in Amharic, reflects the renewal and growth that the city symbolizes for the country.

Located in central Ethiopia, Addis Ababa stretches across the high plateaus at an average altitude of 2,400 meters, making it the highest capital in Africa. This position gives it a temperate climate, with moderate temperatures throughout the year. Days are generally warm, while nights can be cool, particularly during the dry season.

The founding of Addis Ababa is closely linked to Emperor Menelik II and Empress Taytu Betul. In 1886, Empress Taytu chose the city’s current location, attracted by the region’s hot springs. She built a residence here, soon followed by other members of the imperial court, and the town grew rapidly. In 1889, Addis Ababa officially became the capital of Ethiopia, replacing Entoto.

Addis Ababa is a cosmopolitan metropolis with an estimated population of over 3 million. The city is a crossroads of diverse ethnicities and cultures, reflecting the diversity of Ethiopia. This cultural richness is reflected in the languages spoken, traditions, festivals and local cuisine. The city is also a major educational center, hosting several universities and research institutes.

As the capital, Addis Ababa is the political heart of Ethiopia, home to the main government institutions, including the presidential palace and the seat of government. The city also plays a crucial role on the international stage, hosting the headquarters of the African Union since 1963, earning it the nickname of Africa’s political capital. Economically, Addis Ababa is the country’s main commercial and industrial center, with dynamic markets such as Merkato, one of Africa’s largest open-air markets.

Addis Ababa offers a multitude of interesting sites for visitors. The National Museum of Ethiopia houses historic artifacts, including the famous Lucy fossil, one of the oldest hominids ever discovered. The Holy Trinity Cathedral is a remarkable example of Ethiopian religious architecture. Mount Entoto, rising to over 3,000 meters, offers panoramic views over the city and is home to historic churches. The Merkato is a must for discovering the lively atmosphere of the local markets.

Like many developing metropolises, Addis Ababa faces challenges such as rapid population growth, uncontrolled urbanization and infrastructure problems. The authorities are striving to modernize the city, with projects to improve transport, housing and public services, while preserving its cultural and historical heritage.

Addis Ababa is much more than just an administrative capital. It embodies Ethiopia’s dynamism and diversity, while playing a central role on the African stage. Its rich history, vibrant culture and political importance make it an essential city for understanding the soul and future of Ethiopia.

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