What is the capital of Ivory Coast?

Yamoussoukro, located in central Ivory Coast, has been the country’s political and administrative capital since March 21, 1983.

Before becoming the capital, Yamoussoukro was a village called N’Gokro. It was also the birthplace of Ivory Coast’s first president, Félix Houphouët-Boigny, who played a key role in its elevation to capital status.

The transfer of the capital from Abidjan to Yamoussoukro had several objectives:

• Decentralization: Reduce the concentration of political and administrative activities in Abidjan;
• Regional development: Stimulate economic and infrastructural development in the interior of the country;
• Symbolism: Honor the birthplace of President Houphouët-Boigny and strengthen national unity.

Since its designation as capital, Yamoussoukro has seen the construction of several major infrastructures:

• The Basilica of Our Lady of Peace: Inspired by St. Peter’s Basilica in Rome, this is one of the world’s largest religious buildings;
• Institutes and universities: Educational establishments designed to train the country’s future elite;
• Road networks: Improved links to facilitate access and trade.

Despite its official status as capital, Yamoussoukro is not home to all government institutions. Most ministries and embassies remain in Abidjan, which remains the country’s economic and main urban center.

Yamoussoukro had a population of around 450,000 in 2018, making it the fifth most populous city in Ivory Coast. The city is also known for its sacred crocodile lakes and wide palm-lined avenues.

Yamoussoukro’s development as a political capital has met with challenges, not least the effective transfer of institutions from Abidjan. The authorities continue to work on strengthening the city’s role in the country’s administration, while preserving its cultural and historical heritage.

Yamoussoukro, as the political capital of Ivory Coast, symbolizes the country’s aspirations for decentralization and balanced development. Although the process of transferring institutions is still underway, the city remains a testament to the history and vision of Ivory Coast’s first president, Félix Houphouët-Boigny.

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